Annotated Bibliography

Jacob Baldridge

Prof. Sonia Apgar Begert

English 102

10 Nov. 2015

Works Cited

Bahns, Angela J., and Nyla R. Branscombe. "Effects Of Legitimizing Discrimination Against Homosexuals On Gay Bashing." European Journal Of Social Psychology 41.3 (2011): 388-396. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.

This article tests the hypothesis that affirming the legitimacy of discrimination against homosezuals increases the likelihood that heterosexual men will engage in verbal gay bashing. Findings in this test suggest that challenging the legitimacy of discrimination can be an effective strategy for reducing outgroup derogation.

Carlos, Elizabeth D., and Robert M. Chamberlain. "The Black–White Perception Gap And Health Disparities Research." Public Health Nursing21.4 (2004): 372-379. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.

This article discusses how important it is to reduce and eliminate racial and ethnic health disparities in the United States. It explores the Black-White cultural perception gap and provides insight on the relationship to African American health and implications for health disparities.

Dade, Karen, et al. "Assessing The Impact Of Racism On Black Faculty In White Academe: A Collective Case Study Of African American Female Faculty." Western Journal Of Black Studies 39.2 (2015): 134-146. Academic Search Premier. Web. 15 Oct. 2015.

The authors of this article explore challenges and adverse impact that colored faculty often experience due to structural inequities, institutional racism, and the lack of cultural awareness on the part of white institutions.

Feldman, Stanley, and Leonie Huddy. "Racial Resentment And White Opposition To Race-Conscious Programs: Principles Or Prejudice?." American Journal Of Political Science 49.1 (2005): 168-183. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.

This article discusses race relations, history, and ideologies are discussed. This goes into detail on white racial resentment and how different people view the idea of racial resentment.

Forde-Mazrui, Kim. "Taking Conservatives Seriously: A Moral Justification For Affirmative Action And Reparations." California Law Review 92.3 (2004): 685-753. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.

This article discusses a supreme court case in which the U.S. Supreme Court declined to forbid affirmative action. This article also discusses points on slavery, discrimination, and their discontinuation.

García, Jennifer Jee-Lyn, and Mienah Zulfacar Sharif. "Black Lives Matter: A Commentary On Racism And Public Health." American Journal Of Public Health 105.8 (2015): e27-e30. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.

This opinionated article discusses racialized police violence, racial injustices in our legal system, and adds a broader discussion of racism in America.

Glauser, Ann Shanks. "Legacies Of Racism." Journal Of Counseling & Development 77.1 (1999): 62. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.

This article discusses racism, ethnocentrism, prejudices, race awareness, and discrimination, in the United states. This article also provides a quality review of the devastating effects of racism.

Goyette, Braden. "15 Charts That Prove We're Far From Post-Racial." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, n.d. Web. 15 Oct. 2015.

This is a collection of charts that provide statistics showing how prominent racism still is and in what areas racism affects people most. The statistics in this article also show how the United States is still in a recovery state from its racist past.

Haulman, Daniel L. "Ivory And Ebony: White Officer Foes And Friends Of The Tuskegee Airmen." Air Power History 62.3 (2015): 42-49. Academic Search Premier. Web. 15 Oct. 2015.

The article talks about racism in the American military focusing on the experiences of the Tuskegee Airmen during the Second World War. It discusses topics including segregation in the military, resistance in the training of black officers by the white officers, and American military history.

Hughes, Glyn. "Racial Justice, Hegemony, And Bias Incidents In U.S. Higher Education." Multicultural Perspectives 15.3 (2013): 126-132.Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.

The author of this article poses critical questions about racial justice work on campus, identifies key features of an under-acknowledged institutional racism and contributes to discussions about ways that diversity and social justice efforts often reproduce rather than challenge systematic iniquities.

Ikuenobe, Polycarp. "White-On-Black Racism And Corlett's Idea Of Racism." Journal Of African American Studies 18.1 (2014): 108-127. Academic Search Premier. Web. 15 Oct. 2015.

This article critically examines J. Angelo Corlett's view of racism as ethnic prejudice and discrimination. It also discusses the institutional nature of white-on-black racism and other forms of ethnic prejudice and discrimination

Konkel, Lindsey. "The Racial Discrimination Embedded in Modern Medicine." Newsweek. Newsweek, 20 Oct. 2015. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.

This article shares examples of racial discrimination found within modern medicine and argues that racial and ethnic backgrounds can affect disease risk and how people respond to particular drugs. The article also discusses a large study examining the differences in health between various ethnic and cultural groups.

Nanay, Bence. "Three Ways Of Resisting Racism." Monist 93.2 (2010): 255-280. Academic Search Premier. Web. 15 Oct. 2015.

This article discusses the authors view on three ways to resist racism in the United States and antirealist and realist strategies and including denying and recognizing races.

Piliawsky, M. (1984). Racial Equality in the United States: From Institutionalized Racism to "Respectable" Racism. Phylon, 45(2), 135-143. Retrieved August 20, 2015.

This article evaluates the condition of blacks in the united states in the year 1983. This article argues that any benchmark of comfort or achievement, meaningful equality remained a distant dream for the Negro at the time the article was written.

Randall, Vernellia R. "The Misuse Of The Lsat: Discrimination Against Blacks And Other Minorities In Law School Admissions." St. John's Law Review 80.1 (2006): 107-151. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.

The article discusses the misuse of the Law School Admission Test (LSAT) in the United States. It emphasizes that institutional racism against African-Americans and other minorities has been practiced in implementing the LSAT. The article also argues that institutional racism happens wehre an institution adopts a policy, practice, or procedure that has a disproportionately negative impact on members of a racial or ethnic group.

Robertson, Dwanna L. "Invisibility In The Color-Blind Era." American Indian Quarterly 39.2 (2015): 113-153. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.

This article discusses racism, native American in popular culture, stereotypes, Columbus Day, and cultural appropriation, in the United States. This article goes into detail on how Native peoples face overt racism which has been normalized and legitimized in U.S. culture.

Sarine, L. Elizabeth. "Regulating The Social Pollution Of Systemic Discrimination Caused By Implicit Bias." California Law Review 100.5 (2012): 1359-1399. Academic Search Premier. Web. 15 Oct. 2015.

This article discusses incidents of discrimination due to implicit bias and unconscious prejudice in favor or against certain groups and how court cases in these fields have gone.

Sellers, Sherrill, et al. "Interpersonal Discrimination And Health-Related Quality Of Life Among Black And White Men And Women In The United States." Quality Of Life Research 22.6 (2013): 1307-1312. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.

The authors of this article assessed associations between discrimination and health-related quality of life among black and white men and women in the United States. Conclusions made by the author state that persons who experienced discrimination tended to have lower health utility measures.

Skrentny, John D. "Have We Moved Beyond The Civil Rights Revolution?." Yale Law Journal 123.8 (2014): 3002-3034. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.

This essay explores the rise of "racial realism" in the United States employment relations, where employers see race as a real and significant part of worker identity.

Tulin, Edward L. "Where Everything Old Is New Again--Enduring Episodic Discrimination Against Homosexual Persons." Texas Law Review 84.6 (2006): 1587-1632. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.

This article situates the state of gay and lesbian legal status in the U.S. (at the time) and explore homosexual discrimination in U.S. history like during the cold war.

Research Proposal

Jacob Baldridge

Prof. Sonia Apgar Begert

English 102

27 Oct. 2015

Introduction

Discrimination has been an issue in the United States since its birth. With slavery and lower value of life for blacks written into the constitution, it has been a struggle for the United States to, legally and socially, create a nation of equals as stated in the Declaration of Independence. It has been an uphill battle through time to try and correct mistakes made by the founding fathers of the United States and some would argue that the changes have been made and that racism is dead. And although slavery has been abolished and the right to vote granted to all men and women, the fact of the matter is that racism is not dead. And although the United States has come very far from where we started on equality, there is still a long process of recovery that needs to be implemented and put in place to make things right with blacks, native Americans, Muslims, women, and those in the LGBT Community.

Review of Literature

Sources reviewed so far include "The Black-White Perception Gap and Health Disparities Research" by Elizabeth D. Carlos and Robert M. Chamberlain written in 2004. This article discusses how important it is to reduce and eliminate racial and ethnic health disparities in the United States. It explores the Black-White cultural perception gap and provides insight on the relationship to African American health and implications for health disparities. An opinionated article in the American Journal of Public Health by Jennifer Jee-Lyn Garcia and Mienah Zulfacar Sharif in an article titled "Black Lives Matter: A Commentary on Racism and Public Health" discusses racialized police violence, racial injustices in our legal system, and adds a broader discussion of racism in America. The article "Where Everything Old Is New Again--Enduring Episodic Discrimination Against Homosexual Persons" by Edward L. Tulin in Texas Law Review in 2006 situates the state of gay and lesbian legal status in the U.S. (at the time) and explore homosexual discrimination in U.S. history like during the cold war. In the article "Three Ways of Resisting Racism" written by Bence Nanay, published by Monist in 2010 discusses the authors view on three ways to resist racism in the United States and antirealist and realist strategies and including denying and recognizing races. In the article written by Polycarp Ikuenobe in the Journal of African American Studies in 2014 titled "White-on-Black Racism and Corlett's Idea of Racism" critically examines J. Angelo Corlett's view of racism as ethnic prejudice and discrimination. It also discusses the institutional nature of white-on-black racism and other forms of ethnic prejudice and discrimination. In the article published from the American Journal of Political Science in 2005 by Stanley Feldman titled "Racial Resentment and White Opposition to Race-Conscious Programs: Principles or Prejudice?" race relations, history, and ideologies are discussed. This goes into detail on white racial resentment and how different people view the idea of racial resentment. The article published by California Law Review in 2004 titled "Taking Conservatives Seriously: A Moral Justification for Affirmative Action and Reparations" by Kim Forde-Mazrui discusses a supreme court case in which the U.S. Supreme Court declined to forbid affirmative action. This article also discusses points on slavery, discrimination, and their discontinuation. "Legacies of Racism" by Ann Shanks Glauser from the Journal of Counseling & Development in 1999 discusses racism, ethnocentrism, prejudices, race awareness, and discrimination, in the United states. This article also provides a quality review of the devastating effects of racism. The article by Dwanna L. Robertson from American Indian Quarterly published Spring 2015 discusses racism, native American in popular culture, stereotypes, Columbus Day, and cultural appropriation, in the United States. This article goes into detail on how Native peoples face overt racism which has been normalized and legitimized in U.S. culture. The article "Regulating the Social Pollution of Systemic Discrimination Caused by Implicit Bias" by Elizabeth L. Sarine published by California Law Review in 2012 discusses incidents of discrimination due to implicit bias and unconscious prejudice in favor or against certain groups and how court cases in these fields have gone.

Plan to Collect Information

A majority of the sources that I have gathered have been scholarly peer reviewed articles from online databases. I have gained lots of information from these sources based on research and studies but it is a lot of dry information. In order to make sure that my paper is compelling on not a long restatement of facts, I plan on searching for current events and examples of racial and sexual discrimination in the United States. For this I will be searching through news articles, videos, and photographic journalism. I also plan on using sources from U.S. history classes to show how the united states has gone through change over time and to add different perceptions and point-of-views to my paper. I would also like to find more graphs and statistics on issues concerning not only race and sexuality, but also on poverty, mental health, and other topics that are not directly about race and sexuality, but connect with it and add new insight to my paper.

Project Timeline

This week I plan on doing as much research as I can to try and continue gaining as much information and understanding of my topic as possible. I also plan to complete my annotated bibliography. I also plan on trying to watch different kinds of videos on the topic like news stories, historical documentaries, and other videos. This is mostly for me and my learning so that I can gain the best understanding of the topic as I can. I also plan on taking notes while watching these videos so that I can add new ideas and examples to my paper to make it the best that it can be. By 11/10 I plan on being done with my literary review. By 11/19 I plan to have completed my final draft of my outline, rationale, and abstract. By 12/1 I plan o having my draft in progress complete so that it can receive criticism from my peers and professors. And finally my final research paper competed by 12:01 A.M. Monday December 7th, 2015.

Working Bibliography

Carlos, Elizabeth D., and Robert M. Chamberlain. "The Black–White Perception Gap And Health Disparities Research." Public Health Nursing21.4 (2004): 372-379. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.

Feldman, Stanley, and Leonie Huddy. "Racial Resentment And White Opposition To Race-Conscious Programs: Principles Or Prejudice?." American Journal Of Political Science 49.1 (2005): 168-183. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.

Forde-Mazrui, Kim. "Taking Conservatives Seriously: A Moral Justification For Affirmative Action And Reparations." California Law Review 92.3 (2004): 685-753. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.

García, Jennifer Jee-Lyn, and Mienah Zulfacar Sharif. "Black Lives Matter: A Commentary On Racism And Public Health." American Journal Of Public Health 105.8 (2015): e27-e30. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.

Glauser, Ann Shanks. "Legacies Of Racism." Journal Of Counseling & Development 77.1 (1999): 62. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.

Ikuenobe, Polycarp. "White-On-Black Racism And Corlett's Idea Of Racism." Journal Of African American Studies 18.1 (2014): 108-127. Academic Search Premier. Web. 15 Oct. 2015.

Nanay, Bence. "Three Ways Of Resisting Racism." Monist 93.2 (2010): 255-280. Academic Search Premier. Web. 15 Oct. 2015.

Robertson, Dwanna L. "Invisibility In The Color-Blind Era." American Indian Quarterly 39.2 (2015): 113-153. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.

Sarine, L. Elizabeth. "Regulating The Social Pollution Of Systemic Discrimination Caused By Implicit Bias." California Law Review 100.5 (2012): 1359-1399. Academic Search Premier. Web. 15 Oct. 2015.

Tulin, Edward L. "Where Everything Old Is New Again--Enduring Episodic Discrimination Against Homosexual Persons." Texas Law Review 84.6 (2006): 1587-1632. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.