Research Proposal

Jacob Baldridge

Prof. Sonia Apgar Begert

English 102

27 Oct. 2015

Introduction

Discrimination has been an issue in the United States since its birth. With slavery and lower value of life for blacks written into the constitution, it has been a struggle for the United States to, legally and socially, create a nation of equals as stated in the Declaration of Independence. It has been an uphill battle through time to try and correct mistakes made by the founding fathers of the United States and some would argue that the changes have been made and that racism is dead. And although slavery has been abolished and the right to vote granted to all men and women, the fact of the matter is that racism is not dead. And although the United States has come very far from where we started on equality, there is still a long process of recovery that needs to be implemented and put in place to make things right with blacks, native Americans, Muslims, women, and those in the LGBT Community.

Review of Literature

Sources reviewed so far include "The Black-White Perception Gap and Health Disparities Research" by Elizabeth D. Carlos and Robert M. Chamberlain written in 2004. This article discusses how important it is to reduce and eliminate racial and ethnic health disparities in the United States. It explores the Black-White cultural perception gap and provides insight on the relationship to African American health and implications for health disparities. An opinionated article in the American Journal of Public Health by Jennifer Jee-Lyn Garcia and Mienah Zulfacar Sharif in an article titled "Black Lives Matter: A Commentary on Racism and Public Health" discusses racialized police violence, racial injustices in our legal system, and adds a broader discussion of racism in America. The article "Where Everything Old Is New Again--Enduring Episodic Discrimination Against Homosexual Persons" by Edward L. Tulin in Texas Law Review in 2006 situates the state of gay and lesbian legal status in the U.S. (at the time) and explore homosexual discrimination in U.S. history like during the cold war. In the article "Three Ways of Resisting Racism" written by Bence Nanay, published by Monist in 2010 discusses the authors view on three ways to resist racism in the United States and antirealist and realist strategies and including denying and recognizing races. In the article written by Polycarp Ikuenobe in the Journal of African American Studies in 2014 titled "White-on-Black Racism and Corlett's Idea of Racism" critically examines J. Angelo Corlett's view of racism as ethnic prejudice and discrimination. It also discusses the institutional nature of white-on-black racism and other forms of ethnic prejudice and discrimination. In the article published from the American Journal of Political Science in 2005 by Stanley Feldman titled "Racial Resentment and White Opposition to Race-Conscious Programs: Principles or Prejudice?" race relations, history, and ideologies are discussed. This goes into detail on white racial resentment and how different people view the idea of racial resentment. The article published by California Law Review in 2004 titled "Taking Conservatives Seriously: A Moral Justification for Affirmative Action and Reparations" by Kim Forde-Mazrui discusses a supreme court case in which the U.S. Supreme Court declined to forbid affirmative action. This article also discusses points on slavery, discrimination, and their discontinuation. "Legacies of Racism" by Ann Shanks Glauser from the Journal of Counseling & Development in 1999 discusses racism, ethnocentrism, prejudices, race awareness, and discrimination, in the United states. This article also provides a quality review of the devastating effects of racism. The article by Dwanna L. Robertson from American Indian Quarterly published Spring 2015 discusses racism, native American in popular culture, stereotypes, Columbus Day, and cultural appropriation, in the United States. This article goes into detail on how Native peoples face overt racism which has been normalized and legitimized in U.S. culture. The article "Regulating the Social Pollution of Systemic Discrimination Caused by Implicit Bias" by Elizabeth L. Sarine published by California Law Review in 2012 discusses incidents of discrimination due to implicit bias and unconscious prejudice in favor or against certain groups and how court cases in these fields have gone.

Plan to Collect Information

A majority of the sources that I have gathered have been scholarly peer reviewed articles from online databases. I have gained lots of information from these sources based on research and studies but it is a lot of dry information. In order to make sure that my paper is compelling on not a long restatement of facts, I plan on searching for current events and examples of racial and sexual discrimination in the United States. For this I will be searching through news articles, videos, and photographic journalism. I also plan on using sources from U.S. history classes to show how the united states has gone through change over time and to add different perceptions and point-of-views to my paper. I would also like to find more graphs and statistics on issues concerning not only race and sexuality, but also on poverty, mental health, and other topics that are not directly about race and sexuality, but connect with it and add new insight to my paper.

Project Timeline

This week I plan on doing as much research as I can to try and continue gaining as much information and understanding of my topic as possible. I also plan to complete my annotated bibliography. I also plan on trying to watch different kinds of videos on the topic like news stories, historical documentaries, and other videos. This is mostly for me and my learning so that I can gain the best understanding of the topic as I can. I also plan on taking notes while watching these videos so that I can add new ideas and examples to my paper to make it the best that it can be. By 11/10 I plan on being done with my literary review. By 11/19 I plan to have completed my final draft of my outline, rationale, and abstract. By 12/1 I plan o having my draft in progress complete so that it can receive criticism from my peers and professors. And finally my final research paper competed by 12:01 A.M. Monday December 7th, 2015.

Working Bibliography

Carlos, Elizabeth D., and Robert M. Chamberlain. "The Black–White Perception Gap And Health Disparities Research." Public Health Nursing21.4 (2004): 372-379. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.

Feldman, Stanley, and Leonie Huddy. "Racial Resentment And White Opposition To Race-Conscious Programs: Principles Or Prejudice?." American Journal Of Political Science 49.1 (2005): 168-183. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.

Forde-Mazrui, Kim. "Taking Conservatives Seriously: A Moral Justification For Affirmative Action And Reparations." California Law Review 92.3 (2004): 685-753. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.

García, Jennifer Jee-Lyn, and Mienah Zulfacar Sharif. "Black Lives Matter: A Commentary On Racism And Public Health." American Journal Of Public Health 105.8 (2015): e27-e30. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.

Glauser, Ann Shanks. "Legacies Of Racism." Journal Of Counseling & Development 77.1 (1999): 62. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.

Ikuenobe, Polycarp. "White-On-Black Racism And Corlett's Idea Of Racism." Journal Of African American Studies 18.1 (2014): 108-127. Academic Search Premier. Web. 15 Oct. 2015.

Nanay, Bence. "Three Ways Of Resisting Racism." Monist 93.2 (2010): 255-280. Academic Search Premier. Web. 15 Oct. 2015.

Robertson, Dwanna L. "Invisibility In The Color-Blind Era." American Indian Quarterly 39.2 (2015): 113-153. Academic Search Premier. Web. 6 Oct. 2015.

Sarine, L. Elizabeth. "Regulating The Social Pollution Of Systemic Discrimination Caused By Implicit Bias." California Law Review 100.5 (2012): 1359-1399. Academic Search Premier. Web. 15 Oct. 2015.

Tulin, Edward L. "Where Everything Old Is New Again--Enduring Episodic Discrimination Against Homosexual Persons." Texas Law Review 84.6 (2006): 1587-1632. Academic Search Premier. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.